Izinjini zikadizili zinezici eziyi-8, izinzuzo nezinzuzo

Ngo-1892, umsunguli waseJalimane uRudolf Diesel (Rudolf Diesel) wasungula injini ye-Diesel kuze kube namuhla isineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-120 edlule, injini ye-Diesel isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zemishini yemishini, izici, izinzuzo, izinzuzo zenjini ye-Diesel yenzani uyazi?

1. Izinzuzo zezinjini zikadizili i-torque enkulu ephumayo, ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokonga kukaphethiloli.
2. Injini ye-diesel kanye nenjini kaphethiloli ziyefana, umjikelezo ngamunye wokusebenza ubuye udlule ekuthatheni, ukucindezela, amandla, ukuqeda imivimbo emine.
3. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi uphethiloli udizili udizili, i-viscosity yawo inkulu kunophethiloli, akulula ukuhwamuka, indawo yokuthungela iphansi kunophethiloli, ingxube esisilinda senjini ye-dizili iwukushisa kokucindezela, ngakho injini yedizili ayidingi ukuthungela. uhlelo.
4. Lapho injini ye-diesel isebenza, umoya udonswa kusilinda.Lapho umoya osesilinda ucindezelwe kuze kube sekugcineni, izinga lokushisa lingafinyelela ku-500-700℃ futhi umfutho ungafinyelela kuma-atmospheres angama-40-50.Uma ipiston iseduze nendawo ephezulu efile, umlomo womjovo wesistimu yokuphakela uwoyela ujova uphethiloli endaweni evuthayo yesilinda ngokucindezela okukhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.Amafutha edizili enza izinhlayiya zikawoyela ezinhle, ezixutshwe nomoya wokucindezela okukhulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu.Ingxube evuthayo izishisa yodwa, futhi amandla aqhumayo adalwa ukwanda okunodlame, okuphusha iphiston ukuthi lenze umsebenzi liye phansi.Ingcindezi ingaba ngama-atmospheres angu-60-100, ngakho injini ye-diesel ikhiqiza i-torque eningi.
5. Ngenxa yomfutho ophakeme wokusebenza kwenjini kadizili, izingxenye ezifanele zidingeka ukuthi zibe namandla aphezulu esakhiwo nokuqina, ngakho umthamo wenjini kadizili mkhulu kakhulu;Ukunemba kokwenziwa kwephampu yomjovo kaphethiloli kanye nombhobho wenjini kadizili kuphezulu.
6. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ye-diesel isebenza kanzima, umsindo wokudlidliza;Amafutha e-diesel akulula ukuhwamuka futhi ukuqala okubandayo ekushiseni okuphansi kunzima kakhulu kunenjini kaphethiloli.Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ye-diesel inenkomba yamandla aphansi kunenjini kaphethiloli (ijubane eliphansi), kanye nokukhishwa kwe-soot nezinhlayiyana (PM) kunenjini kaphethiloli.Njengomphumela walezi zici ezingenhla, injini yokuqala kadizili ivame ukusetshenziswa emalolini amakhulu naphakathi nendawo nasezimotweni zobunjiniyela obuhlobene nemishini.
7. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe benjini ye-diesel, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obuningi, obufana nomjovo oqondile, i-turbocharged kanye ne-inter-cooled, isilawuli sikagesi, isicelo sobuchwepheshe besitimela esivamile enjini ye-diesel, okwenza ekuqaleni ukuntula kwenjini kadizili kuxazululwe kangcono, futhi inzuzo ekongeni amandla kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 kwenjini ye-diesel, konke, kuhlanganise nenjini kaphethiloli, injini yokushisa ayikwazi ukushintshwa.
8. Namuhla, injini ye-diesel isetshenziswe kabanzi kumaloli, ama-pickup, ama-SUV, ama-excavators, ama-forklift, ama-generator, imishini yasengadini, imishini yezolimo neminye imikhakha eminingi.